Boost Your Dividend Yield

If the Fed is spiking the punch, why can't we?

In my "Weighing the Week Ahead" series, I always include some suggestions for individual investors. I try to share with the do-it-yourself investor what I am doing for my clients. I have suggested that investors who have been out of the market can step in gradually by purchasing the stocks of strong companies with reasonable dividends and enhancing the yield by selling near-term calls. Some readers have asked me to be more specific. This post provides an example illustrating the process.

Background

The Enhanced Yield system means choosing a suitable stock and also the right call to sell. We maintain a watch list of about 25 candidates, updated for changing prices and market conditions. I discuss the covered write in more detail in Part 4 of my "Quest for Yield" series. I focus on near-term calls since they have the greatest time decay. This chart from optionMONSTER illustrates the point:

Their message to buyers is as follows:

This time value will deteriorate as that expiration approaches; time decay increases exponentially in the last 30 to 45 days of an options life, so this is usually not the time to own options.

Since we are sellers of calls, we capture the exponential decay by selling near-term calls. This is much, much better, but it takes more work. You must frequently adjust your positions, finding new calls to sell. Some who do covered calls lazily sell options that have a long term. They are like that late night TV guy who says, "Set it and forget it!" Getting the best return requires more work.

A Current Example

I want to turn away from theory and illustrate with a specific recent trade. For clients in my program I bought Exxon Mobil Stock (XOM) and sold the FEB 100 call. I stick to the regular monthly options, not weeklies, so these calls (called the FEB "pars" by the pros) expire on 2/21/14.

Why XOM?

I like to have some sector diversification in this portfolio, but it is most important to have good value. Energy stocks are relatively cheap right now with a lot of pressure on oil prices. Exxon Mobil has a dividend yield of over 2.5% and almost no debt. The cash flow is lower with oil at a low point, but it is not dangerous. This is a safe stock that is cheap on an earnings basis. The Chuck Carnevale F.A.S.T graph site is a great tool for screening candidates. While there is plenty of detailed information, the valuation chart is a good starting point.

Which Call?

I try to sell calls that are 2-3% out of the money (the difference between the strike price and the current stock price). These have some real "meat" – enough premium to justify the trade. A good rule of thumb is that the call premium, if annualized, would provide about 10% return. The FEB 100 call was trading at a price exceeding a dollar, so it met this test.

What Price?

The best time to establish new positions is on scary looking down days in the market. You can buy the stock at a lower price. The call premium is a little "juiced" because the market volatility keeps the premium higher. You can calculate a net price for the buy/write (or covered write) and most brokers will let you enter the trade as a spread. I do this as a block trade for an entire group of clients. If you have a price in mind, you put a limit order in and wait for the market to come to you.

I picked a net price of $97.50 and we were filled with a stock price of about $98.60 and a call price of $1.10. To choose the price I look at the stock chart and also tweak if I see the market moving. We have already made a little on the trade, but it is still attractive and you might get a better price if the stock trades lower this week.

The Profit Potential

Let us first suppose that the stock is unchanged over the next month or so. We will collect the $1.10 premium and also a dividend of 63 cents. (The dividend has not yet been announced, but the dividend history suggests an ex-dividend date in early February. It will not be paid until March, but we will be the owners before the ex-date.). This is a pretty good return for a short time.

If the stock rallies to the strike price or higher, we will also make another $1.40 on stock appreciation. Our best case return is a total of $3.13 in five weeks. When this happens, I need to find a new position, but I am willing to be patient whenever I can ring the cash register.

The Risk

The risk in these trades is that the stock price moves a lot lower. The call premium and the dividend provide some protection for a limited move, but not for a bigger decline. That is why you must start with stocks that are fundamentally sound and you are happy to own anyway. I also employ the other regular risk analysis that I monitor every week in my series.

Risk control is a matter of market risk and stock risk. You need to monitor both. Because these are conservative stocks with middle-range dividends, it is a safer program than selling calls on GOOG or AAPL.

Size

I like to have nine or ten positions. Call contracts are in round lots – hundreds of shares. The minimum size for this trade requires an investment of about $10,000 in a portfolio of $100,000.

Conclusion

This method, which I call our "Enhanced Yield" program is very profitable and much safer than a straight purchase of stocks. It is also fun to trade, since you get to make frequent changes of stocks and calls. You need a broker that has low commissions and favorable treatment for option trades. You can shoot for a return of 8 – 9% even in a sideways market.

Go ahead and try it for yourself, but start small and get a feel for the technique.

Comments

[oldprof]

SCM -- I agree about the general characteristics of selling puts. The differences relate to what you can do in a retirement account, what investors will understand, and whether you want to own the stock.

Selling puts is a great strategy for a sophisticated investor who really wants to own the stock at the implied price.

A problem is that in the pre-1987 era people did this with too much size, following programs that portrayed it as "free money."

I do not have a current program for this strategy, but it is fine for some investors.

Good question, and thanks.

Jeff

[OptionsMike]

Hi Jeff,
Great method and a superb example. I've provided a link to it from my blog so my readership may benefit.

[Scm0330]

Jeff,

Covered calls and cash-secured puts are equivalent exposures, as you know. I think there's normally a little more premium in put-selling due to kurtosis (put buyers are willing to pay more for downside protection than call buyers speculating on upside). You don't capture dividends, of course, being short puts.

Wondering if you've considered running a similar yield program using puts, versus calls.

Thanks for the informative article. It's very educational for the reader.

[jeanpy]

jeff,

I had no trade in mind.
Howewer, I just checked and the 1860 call of end February would have been quite good a few days ago. Implied volatility seems a bit low right now.

It was more of a general opinion. I just think the idea of selling near term calls is a brilliant. The search for stocks can be quite difficult for the ordinary investor and it seems to me, it is not a necessary condition to enter this type of trade.
As a top-down investor who has no idea about specific stocks, I don't wake to take risks I can not properly identify.

[oldprof]

scorp -- I always consider a roll to the next month, sometimes at a different strike. It depends on the price and whether the stock fundamentals justify a new range.

In general, if a stock will be called away it means that I have gained nearly four percent in a few weeks. There is nothing wrong with that.

There are many stocks that fit the profile for this trade, so it is best not to fall in love with a single name. If you like a stock that much, it should just be a long-term holding with no calls involved.

This is a very good consideration -- both going in, and for later adjustment.

Jeff

[oldprof]

AJR -- The weeklies might be OK for some, but you need strong liquidity to do size. You also have to keep in mind the more frequent trading costs. It is a balance of time decay (which is really fast) and trading cost including both commissions and spread.

Good question. It might be right in some names.

Jeff

[oldprof]

jeanpy -- You might be able to play the full index, but I expect to get much better returns by focusing on my subset of stocks that meet certain requirements.

Maybe I'll take a look and revisit. Do you have a specific trade in mind for FEB expiration? Something that would match the XOM idea?

That would be a good test.

Interesting question.....

Jeff

[Scorp2780]

What do you do if the options are going to be assigned to the call buyer? Do you buy to close the call and then roll out to a higher price at a later date or do you let assignment occur?

[Al Robertson]

Jeff

I have been using, with good results, the guidelines from your "Quest For Yield Program"; to write covered calls each month.

I'm curious as to why you shun the weeklies. Could you elaborate?

AJR

[jeanpy]

Hi Jeff,

thanks for the interesting post which is a good reminder of old post of yours (to the regula reader).

what do you think of this strategy for the S&P 500 ?
it would be a way to avoid specific stock risk while the dividend yield is close to 2% (not too bad).